(Left)

Queen Elizabeth II and SALIMA HASHMI at the National College of Arts, Lahore, 1997.

(Upper right)

National College of Arts, Lahore, c. 1980s. First row (left to right): OMER BUKHSH, FARAH KARDAR, LAILA REHMAN, NOOR-US-SHAHAR, MASOOD HAMEED, LIAQAT ALI SHERAFI and TABASSAUM SHAHEEN. Second row (left to right): UZMA DURRANI, NAAZISH ATAULLAH, AFSHAR MALIK, QUDDUS MIRZA, SALIMA HASHMI, SUMMAYA DURRANI, IQBAL HASSAN, ABBASI ABIDI, BASHIR AHMED, SAEED AKHTAR, TALAT DABIR and ZAHID-UL-HAQ. Third row (left to right): NASIR BASHIR ALVI, MOHD TAYAB SAJID, MOHAMMAD ASIF and IQBAL HUSSAIN.

(Lower right)

First Vasl International Workshop at the village of Gadani, Pakistan, 2001. Back row (left to right): KHALIL CHISHTI, LALA RUKH AHMED, JERRY BUHARI, SUMAIRA TAZEEN, RUBY CHISHTI, NILOOFAR CHAMAN, ROOHI AHMED, SHAUNA MCMULLEN, WALTER EMILIO D’SOUZA, AMIN GULGEE, LAURA PADDOCK and NAIZA H. KHAN. Seated (left to right): TANG ZHIGANG, SAMINA MANSURI, K. PUSHPAKUMARA, NAYAN KULKARNI, MARYAM HUSSAIN, ANWAR SAEED, REHAB AL SADEK and ELLEN LIGTERINGEN.

Images courtesy Naiza H. Khan, Salima Hashmi, Wahab Jaffar, Vasl Artists’ Collective, Zohra Hussain, Chawkandi Art (Karachi), Naeem Pasha and Rohtas Gallery (Islamabad).

巴基斯坦的三十年

Photo essay

Features BY Salima Hashmi from May/Jun 2013

Pakistan

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在巴基斯坦整个动荡的政治历史中，学术机构为艺术家们提供了庇护所，也在思想体系剧变时期培育与保护了创意。因此，1997年巴基斯坦国家独立五十周年纪念日时，英国王室选择了访问拉合尔艺术学院(NCA)。拉合尔艺术学院的前身是梅奥艺术学校，也是英国殖民统治印度次大陆时期建立的四所工艺学校之一。

对面页中，拉合尔艺术学院的群像反映了1980年代巴基斯坦艺术界女性成员的增加，她们之中有许多在拉合尔、卡拉奇、海德拉巴、白沙瓦等地艺术学校及大学艺术系的建立中起到了关键性的作用。几十年后，也是女性创建了第一个艺术家经营的艺术团体Vasl，使得国际艺术家能与他们的巴基斯坦同事接触交流。

最后两页里，已故艺术家和Indus画廊主人Ali Imam，曾游说卡拉奇的商业团体收藏艺术，在经济上保证了艺术界的未来。艺术家们如Sadequain, AS Nagi 和 Shakir Ali同工业家、银行家、公司高层们混熟交往，一起在周日下午的酒廊里喝着冰啤酒。

如今，政治环境虽然愈发紧张，巴基斯坦的艺术家们仍继续共用工作室、管理独立场地、介入公共空间的免责法，同时也继续质问批判着这个变动的社会。

(Left)

A meeting held by the Sindh Artists’ Welfare Association, Karachi, c. 1980s.

(Upper right)

ZARINA HASHMI at her solo exhibition at Chawkandi Art, Karachi, 1998.

(Lower right)

Indus Gallery, Karachi, 1981. RABIA ZUBERI (far left), QUDSIA NISAR (second from left) PRINCESS WIJDAN ALI (center), NAHID RAZA (fifth from left), MEHR AFROZE (seventh from left), WAHAB JAFFAR (second from right), ALI IMAM (back, third from left).

(Upper left)

From left to right: RABIA ZUBERI, SALIMA HASHMI and RIFFAT ALVI, in the early 1990s.

(Upper right)

AYESHA JATOI, An Ode to Violence at 13 Satellites, Vasl residency in Lahore.

(Lower left)

Karachi Studio, 1996. From left to right: FARINA ALAM, ASMA MUNDRAWALA, BANI ABIDI and HUMA MULJI.

(Lower middle)

Indus Gallery, Karachi, 1981. From left to right: ALI IMAM (director of Indus Gallery), WAHAB JAFFAR (artist), SADEQUAIN (artist) and AS NAGI (artist).

(Lower right)

ASIM BUTT, Jharra’s Akharra at 13 Satellites, Vasl residency in Lahore, 2007.

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